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Two elephants on the swamp edge in Amboseli National Park with Kilimanjaro behind, April 2015.

TemboAmboseli, below Kilimanjaro

Amboseli National Park: add it to the Mara, or not?

Amboseli National Park is a Kenya Wildlife Service park that KWS calls the "Home of the African Elephant", with large herds beneath Mount Kilimanjaro. Adding it to a Mara trip buys those elephants for USD 90 per person per 24 hours, single entry and at least one more travel leg, by road or by a scheduled flight. It is far drier than the Masai Mara, Kenya: about 500 mm of rain a year against 955 mm at Keekorok in the Mara (1991 to 2020). That fee is the same all year; the Mara charges per day instead, valid 6:00 to 18:00, by season. Safarilink flies Wilson to Amboseli and on to the Mara.

Photo: Lafleursauvage / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0

Edited by Rainer Lang Updated

HifadhiTwo parks, one month

Amboseli and the Mara, month by month

Pick your month. The card sets the two parks side by side: rain, the fee in each body's own terms, access, and what each is known for.

The fees work differently, so read both lines. Amboseli's ticket is USD 90 for up to 24 hours from a single entry. The Mara's ticket is for one calendar day, whatever time you enter; the Masai Mara entrance fee page sets out its rule and its stay totals.

Some links on this page are affiliate links: the guide earns a commission when you book through them. The partner sets the price; the guide adds no fee.

Shown for November

Rain

Amboseli

95 mm

mean for the month, 1991 to 2020; in 8 of 10 years 50 to 155 mm; 5 days with rain on average

Masai Mara, at Keekorok

95 mm

mean for the month, 1991 to 2020; in 8 of 10 years 55 to 140 mm; 8 days with rain on average

Park fee, non-resident adult

Amboseli

USD 90

USD 90 per person per 24 hours, single entry, the same in every month (Kenya Wildlife Service 2025 schedule)

Masai Mara reserve

USD 200

USD 200 per person, non-resident adult, 1 July to 31 December (Narok County 2025/26 schedule); valid 6:00 to 18:00 on the day

Getting in

Amboseli

40 to 45 minutes by scheduled flight

From Wilson with Safarilink: flight 11, 7:15 to 8:00, daily; flight 15, 14:00 to 14:40, high seasons only; USD 205 single, USD 352 return, excluding taxes (Safarilink 2026 timetable). Nairobi to Iremito Gate is 204 km (127 mi) by road, as Kenya Wildlife Service gives it.

November: low season, no flight 15, and flight 35 goes via Wilson.

Masai Mara

1 hour by scheduled flight

From Wilson with Safarilink, USD 260 single, excluding taxes. From Nairobi it is about 5 to 6 hours by road, as Mara North Conservancy states it. Flights run in both seasons.

Known for

Amboseli

Kenya Wildlife Service calls Amboseli the "Home of the African Elephant", with large herds beneath Mount Kilimanjaro, and counts over 400 bird species, 40 of them birds of prey. The same in every month.

Masai Mara

Large herds recorded in November: 13 of 25 seasons.

The wildebeest, counted by season in the Mara Conservancy's monthly reports, 2001 to 2026.

Safarilink flight 35, 8:20 to 9:40, daily, 1 hour 20 minutes in the air, USD 390 single with no return fare, excluding taxes: minimum 4 passengers per service; in the low seasons, or for operational reasons, passengers are routed via Wilson (Safarilink 2026 timetable).

All twelve months in one table
Rain (mean, 1991 to 2020) and the park fee per non-resident adult, by month
MonthAmboseli rainMara rain at KeekorokAmboseli fee, per person per 24 hoursMara reserve fee, per person per day
January 40 mm 75 mm USD 90 USD 100
February 25 mm 70 mm USD 90 USD 100
March 85 mm 125 mm USD 90 USD 100
April 115 mm 160 mm USD 90 USD 100
May 25 mm 80 mm USD 90 USD 100
June 0 mm 65 mm USD 90 USD 100
July 0 mm 35 mm USD 90 USD 200
August 0 mm 60 mm USD 90 USD 200
September 0 mm 45 mm USD 90 USD 200
October 15 mm 45 mm USD 90 USD 200
November 95 mm 95 mm USD 90 USD 200
December 95 mm 105 mm USD 90 USD 200

The Amboseli fee is USD 90 per person per 24 hours, single entry. The Mara reserve ticket is per person per day, valid 6:00 to 18:00 on the day, whatever time you enter.

Kilimanjaro over the Amboseli plain

Photo: Benh LIEU SONG / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0

TemboAmboseli National Park

Elephants on the open plain, with Kilimanjaro across the border in Tanzania.

HifadhiThe park itself

What Amboseli is, and what it is not

Amboseli is a national park, gazetted on 1 November 1974 and run by Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS). The Masai Mara is a national reserve run by Narok County and, west of the river, by the Mara Conservancy. So fees, gate hours and rules here come from KWS.

What KWS puts first is elephants and the mountain. It also lists Amboseli as one of Kenya's 60 Important Bird Areas, with over 400 bird species including 40 birds of prey. Observation Hill, also called Nomatior, gives a view over the whole park, and KWS notes that Amboseli is a UNESCO Man and Biosphere reserve.

You enter through one of three gates: Iremito, Kimana and Meshanani. KWS gates open at 6:00 and close at 18:00 unless you are staying overnight in the park. Fees here matter beyond the park: KWS states that its five most visited parks, Amboseli among them, subsidise its whole national network.

What Amboseli does not have is the wildebeest migration, which moves between the Mara and the Serengeti in Tanzania; the migration page has the counts by month.

Elephant herd in Amboseli
An elephant herd with calves in front of the palm groves of Amboseli National Park, May 2021.Photo: Ray in Manila / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0
Giraffe below Kilimanjaro in Amboseli
A giraffe in the bush of Amboseli National Park with Kilimanjaro behind, April 2015.Photo: Lafleursauvage / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0

MvuaRain by month, 1991 to 2020

A dry park next to a wetter one

Amboseli gets about half the Mara's rain. Its yearly mean is 500 mm, and in 8 of 10 years the total falls from 345 to 700 mm. In June, July, August and September the monthly mean rounds to 0 mm. The wettest month is April, with a second wet spell in November and December.

The Mara, at Keekorok, has rain in every month: 955 mm a year, with 160 mm in April and 35 mm even in July. So a June to September trip pairs a dry Amboseli with a Mara that still gets showers; an April trip is wet in both.

Mean daily highs run from 28 to 31 °C (82 to 88 °F) all year, lows from 15 to 18 °C (59 to 64 °F). The Mara's months: Masai Mara weather.

Mean monthly rain, Amboseli and Keekorok in the Masai Mara Two curves over twelve months. Keekorok has rain in every month, highest in April. Amboseli peaks in April and in November and December and drops to zero from June to September. 160 mm115 mm35 mm0 mm JFMAMJJASOND
Keekorok, Masai Mara Amboseli. Monthly means from the CHIRPS rainfall grid, 1991 to 2020; every month's figure is in the table under the card.

BeiKenya Wildlife Service, 2025 schedule

What a day in Amboseli costs

Every Amboseli fee is per person per 24 hours, single entry: the KWS fee sheet defines the daily fee as a single access to a park, valid for not more than 24 hours, and it has one rate per category all year, with no high or low season. Legal Notice No. 160 of 2025 sets the non-resident adult fee for Amboseli at USD 90, the figure on the park's own rate card.

How many 24-hour tickets a stay needs depends on when you enter and leave: ask KWS at the gate. KWS's fee sheet is the place to check your category before you pay.

If your route also takes in Tsavo, KWS sells packages: Tsavo West and Amboseli at USD 150 per person per 24 hours, single entry for a non-resident adult (USD 80 per child or student), and Tsavo East, Tsavo West and Amboseli at USD 215 per person per 24 hours, single entry. A safari vehicle with fewer than 6 seats adds KES 600 (about USD 4.50) per vehicle per day.

Amboseli entry, per person per 24 hours, single entry Kenya Wildlife Service 2025 schedule, all year
VisitorAdultChild or student
Non-residentUSD 90USD 45
African citizenUSD 50USD 25
Kenya residentKES 2,025 (about USD 16)KES 1,050 (about USD 8)
East African citizenKES 1,500 (about USD 12)KES 750 (about USD 6)

NdegeFlights and roads

Getting there, and on to the Mara

Nairobi, Amboseli and the Masai Mara Southern Kenya with the Tanzania border. Flights from Wilson Airport to Amboseli and to the Masai Mara, the flight from Amboseli to the Mara, and the road leg from Nairobi to Amboseli, all drawn as straight or curved schematic lines with numbered badges explained in the key. NairobiWilson AirportAmboseliNarokKeekorok, Masai MaraLake Nakuru 1234 TANZANIA KENYA 50 km (31 mi)
Schematic legs, not the roads' lines or the flight paths. Reserve outline © OpenStreetMap contributors; country outlines from Natural Earth.
  1. 1

    Wilson to Amboseli by scheduled flight: 40 to 45 minutes by scheduled flight. Safarilink flight 11, 7:15 to 8:00, daily, a combined Amboseli and Tsavo West service; minimum 4 passengers per service and 2 per airstrip; flight 15, 14:00 to 14:40, high seasons only, minimum 4 passengers per service. USD 205 single, USD 352 return, excluding taxes.

  2. 2

    Amboseli to the Mara by scheduled flight: Safarilink flight 35, 8:20 to 9:40, daily, USD 390 single. In the low seasons the flight is routed via Wilson, so it is no longer a direct hop. Mombasa Air Safari flies Amboseli to the Mara at 9:15, landing 10:30, for USD 310, and the Mara to Amboseli at 11:30, landing 12:30, for USD 435, each plus a USD 20 fuel surcharge (2026, times approximate).

  3. 3

    Wilson to the Mara by scheduled flight: 1 hour by scheduled flight with Safarilink, USD 260 single, excluding taxes. All airlines and airstrips: Nairobi to Masai Mara flights.

  4. 4

    Nairobi to Amboseli by road: via Emali on the Nairobi-Mombasa road, then the Emali-Loitokitok road to Iremito Gate, 204 km (127 mi) by road (Kenya Wildlife Service). Via Namanga to Meshanani Gate it is 220 km (137 mi) by road, tarmac to Namanga and murram from there, as KWS gives it. Ask your driver how long either road takes.

Safarilink's 2026 low seasons are 1 April to 15 June and 1 November to 15 December. Inside the park, Kimana airstrip is a single tarmac strip of 1.2 km (0.7 mi) for light aircraft; there are other strips at Kilimanjaro Buffalo Lodge and Namanga town. A road also links Amboseli with Tsavo West, entering at Kimana Gate. Timetable: Safarilink 2026.

From Nairobi to the Mara is about 5 to 6 hours by road, as Mara North Conservancy states it; Nairobi to Masai Mara compares road and air.

Bush plane on a Mara airstrip
A twin-engine bush plane and a safari vehicle at the Musiara airstrip in the Masai Mara, Kenya.Photo: Ninara / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0

KambiKenya Wildlife Service houses

Staying inside the park

Inside Amboseli, KWS rents its Mbugani Homes and runs public campsites, and it lists private lodges, including Ol Tukai Lodge, Amboseli Serena Lodge and Tortilis Camp. Lodge rates vary by season and operator and are not listed here.

The KWS houses are priced per unit, not per person. When you book, ask KWS whether the rate is per night and what it includes (rate card).

KWS Mbugani Homes in Amboseli, per unit 2025 rate card, non-resident rate
HouseSleepsNon-resident
Kilimanjaro Guest House7USD 300
Kibo House4USD 250
Kilimanjaro Annex4USD 200
Simba Cottages2USD 110
Chui Cottages2USD 110

HifadhiAmboseli in a Kenya trip

Fitting Amboseli into a Mara trip

There are three common ways to do it. The quickest is a day trip from Nairobi, which means 204 km by road each way before any game drive. Viator lists the Amboseli National Park day tour from Nairobi from USD 110 per person, private, park fees excluded (listed 12 November 2026). Add the Amboseli fee of USD 90 on top.

The second is a short safari of its own. Viator lists a 3-day Amboseli safari from Nairobi from USD 799 per person, mostly private, with park fees included (listed 12 November 2026).

The third is a circuit that does the Mara and Amboseli in one go. TourRadar lists the 7-day Masai Mara, Lake Nakuru, Lake Naivasha and Amboseli budget safari from USD 1,315 per person for 7 days and 6 nights, with "All park entry fees" included in the listing (listed 12 November 2026). Viator lists a six-day Masai Mara, Lake Nakuru and Amboseli trip from USD 580 per person in a shared van, park fees excluded (listed 12 November 2026).

Flying cuts the road days: the Wilson, Amboseli and Mara legs make a loop. Plan the days on a Kenya safari itinerary, keep the Mara part on the Masai Mara itinerary, and see the ways to do a Masai Mara safari. The other common add-on is Lake Nakuru National Park, on the road north-west of Nairobi.

USD 110Day tour on Viator, listed from, fees excluded

USD 90Amboseli fee per non-resident adult

Elephants
Elephants walking across the plains of the Mara Triangle, Kenya, July 2013.Photo: Laika ac / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0

HifadhiAmboseli questions

Amboseli questions

The park page: Kenya Wildlife Service. All the open data behind these pages: the data page.

Is Amboseli worth adding to a Masai Mara safari?

It adds what the Mara is not known for: KWS calls Amboseli the "Home of the African Elephant", with Kilimanjaro behind the herds. It costs USD 90 per person per 24 hours, single entry, plus at least one more travel leg. From June to September it is dry while the Mara still gets some rain. The card above compares the two for your month.

How much is the Amboseli National Park entrance fee?

For a non-resident adult it is USD 90 per person per 24 hours, single entry, and for a non-resident child or student USD 45, under the Kenya Wildlife Service 2025 schedule. The rate is the same all year. A KWS package with Tsavo West costs USD 150 per non-resident adult.

How do you get from Amboseli to the Masai Mara?

By scheduled flight. Safarilink flies flight 35, 8:20 to 9:40, daily, USD 390 single excluding taxes, with a minimum of 4 passengers, routed via Wilson in the low seasons. Mombasa Air Safari flies Amboseli to the Mara at 9:15 for USD 310 plus fuel surcharge, and back at 11:30. By road there is no direct published route or time; road trips usually go back through Nairobi.

Which months are driest in Amboseli?

In the 1991 to 2020 rainfall record, the monthly mean rounds to zero in June, July, August and September. The wettest month is April, at 115 mm on average, and November and December are wet too, at 95 mm each. Daytime highs stay warm all year.

Can you visit Amboseli on a day trip from Nairobi?

Yes, but it is a long day. Iremito Gate is 204 km (127 mi) by road from Nairobi, as KWS gives it. Viator lists a private day tour from USD 110 per person, park fees excluded (listed 12 November 2026). Safarilink's flight 11, 7:15 to 8:00, daily is the faster way in.

Sources

  1. Kenya Wildlife Service calls Amboseli National Park the 'Home of the African Elephant', known for close encounters with large elephant herds beneath Mount Kilimanjaro. Kenya Wildlife Service: Amboseli National Park park page.
  2. Amboseli National Park was gazetted on 1 November 1974, per the Kenya Wildlife Service. Kenya Wildlife Service: Amboseli National Park park page.
  3. Kenya Wildlife Service: Amboseli is one of Kenya's 60 Important Bird Areas, with over 400 bird species including 40 birds of prey. Kenya Wildlife Service: Amboseli National Park park page.
  4. Kenya Wildlife Service lists Observation Hill (Nomatior) in Amboseli, offering panoramic park views, and notes Amboseli is a UNESCO Man and Biosphere reserve. Kenya Wildlife Service: Amboseli National Park park page.
  5. Kenya Wildlife Service: Amboseli National Park is entered through Iremito, Kimana and Meshanani gates. Kenya Wildlife Service: Amboseli National Park park page.
  6. Kenya Wildlife Service: by road from Nairobi to Amboseli via Emali to Iremito Gate on the Nairobi-Mombasa road is 204 km (turn at Emali onto the Emali-Loitokitok road). Kenya Wildlife Service: Amboseli National Park park page.
  7. Kenya Wildlife Service: by road Nairobi-Namanga to Amboseli's Meshanani Gate is 220 km, tarmac to Namanga and murram from Namanga to the gate. Kenya Wildlife Service: Amboseli National Park park page.
  8. Kenya Wildlife Service: a road links Amboseli and Tsavo West National Parks, entering Amboseli through Kimana Gate (240 km). Kenya Wildlife Service: Amboseli National Park park page.
  9. Kenya Wildlife Service: Amboseli has a single tarmac airstrip, Kimana airstrip, 1.2 km long, for light aircraft; other airstrips exist at Kilimanjaro Buffalo Lodge and Namanga town. Kenya Wildlife Service: Amboseli National Park park page.
  10. Kenya Wildlife Service Amboseli National Park page rate card: non-resident adult USD 90, non-resident child USD 45 (matches the 2025 fee sheet). Kenya Wildlife Service: Amboseli National Park park page.
  11. Kenya Wildlife Service accommodation in Amboseli: Mbugani Homes (Kilimanjaro Guest House, Kilimanjaro Annex, Kibo House, Simba Cottages, Chui Cottages) and public campsites; KWS also lists private lodges including Ol Tukai Lodge, Amboseli Serena Lodge and Tortilis Camp. Kenya Wildlife Service: Amboseli National Park park page.
  12. Kenya Wildlife Service house 'Kilimanjaro Guest House' in Amboseli National Park (Mbugani Homes 2025 rate card): non-resident USD 300 per unit, citizens and residents KES 20,000 per unit, capacity 7 per unit; the card does not print the period (per night implied) or what is included. Kenya Wildlife Service: KWS Mbugani Homes 2025 Rates (rate card PDF).
  13. Kenya Wildlife Service house "Kibo House" in Amboseli National Park (Mbugani Homes 2025 rate card): non-resident USD 250 per unit, citizens and residents KES 15,000 per unit, capacity 4 per unit; the card does not print the period (per night implied) or what is included. Kenya Wildlife Service: KWS Mbugani Homes 2025 Rates (rate card PDF).
  14. Kenya Wildlife Service house 'Kilimanjaro Annex' in Amboseli National Park (Mbugani Homes 2025 rate card): non-resident USD 200 per unit, citizens and residents KES 10,000 per unit, capacity 4 per unit; the card does not print the period (per night implied) or what is included. Kenya Wildlife Service: KWS Mbugani Homes 2025 Rates (rate card PDF).
  15. Kenya Wildlife Service house 'Simba Cottages' in Amboseli National Park (Mbugani Homes 2025 rate card): non-resident USD 110 per unit, citizens and residents KES 6,000 per unit, capacity 2 per unit; the card does not print the period (per night implied) or what is included. Kenya Wildlife Service: KWS Mbugani Homes 2025 Rates (rate card PDF).
  16. Kenya Wildlife Service "Chui Cottages" in Amboseli National Park (Mbugani Homes 2025 rate card): non-resident USD 110 per unit, citizens and residents KES 6,000 per unit, capacity 2 per unit; the card does not print the period (per night implied) or what is included. Kenya Wildlife Service: KWS Mbugani Homes 2025 Rates (rate card PDF).
  17. Safarilink's published one-way (single) fare Nairobi Wilson to Masai Mara (or Masai Mara to Wilson) is USD 260 per adult in both low and high season 2026, exclusive of taxes. Safarilink: Timetable and Fares 2026, 1st Edition (valid up to 31 December 2026).
  18. Mombasa Air Safari 2026 published fare, Amboseli/Tsavo to Mara one way: USD 310 per person plus a fuel surcharge of USD 20. Mombasa Air Safari: Flight Schedule (Scheduled Fares for 2026 and Flight Timetable).
  19. Mombasa Air Safari 2026 published fare, Mara to Amboseli/Tsavo one way: USD 435 per person plus a fuel surcharge of USD 20. Mombasa Air Safari: Flight Schedule (Scheduled Fares for 2026 and Flight Timetable).
  20. Safarilink flight 35 Amboseli to Masai Mara: departs 8:20, arrives 9:40, daily; single fare USD 390, no return fare listed; subject to a minimum of 4 passengers per service (note a); operates throughout the year, but in the low seasons (or if required for operational reasons) passengers are routed via Wilson (note f) (2026 timetable, fares exclusive of taxes). Safarilink: Timetable and Fares 2026, 1st Edition (valid up to 31 December 2026).
  21. Safarilink flight 11 Nairobi Wilson to Amboseli: departs 7:15, arrives 8:00, daily; single USD 205, return USD 352 in both 2026 seasons, exclusive of taxes; combined Amboseli and Tsavo West service, subject to a minimum of 4 passengers per service and 2 per airstrip (note a) (2026 timetable). Safarilink: Timetable and Fares 2026, 1st Edition (valid up to 31 December 2026).
  22. Safarilink flight 15 Nairobi Wilson to Amboseli: departs 14:00, arrives 14:40; high seasons only (notes a, b, i: flights 15 and 16 do not operate in low season; minimum 4 passengers per service); single USD 205, return USD 352, exclusive of taxes (2026 timetable). Safarilink: Timetable and Fares 2026, 1st Edition (valid up to 31 December 2026).
  23. Safarilink 2026 low seasons are 1 April to 15 June and 1 November to 15 December 2026 (timetable). Safarilink: Timetable and Fares 2026, 1st Edition (valid up to 31 December 2026).
  24. Safarilink 2026 high seasons are 1 January to 31 March, 16 June to 31 October and 16 to 31 December 2026 (timetable). Safarilink: Timetable and Fares 2026, 1st Edition (valid up to 31 December 2026).
  25. Kenya Wildlife Service fee sheet defines the daily fee as the fee for a single access to a national park, national reserve or sanctuary, valid for not more than 24 hours. Kenya Wildlife Service: Conservation Fees 2025 (fee sheet PDF, file name 'KWS-Conservation-Fee-October-2025').
  26. The Kenya Wildlife Service 2025 conservation fee sheet has one rate per category all year; it lists no high or low season rates. Kenya Wildlife Service: Conservation Fees 2025 (fee sheet PDF, file name 'KWS-Conservation-Fee-October-2025').
  27. Kenya Wildlife Service states the five most visited KWS parks (Amboseli, Lake Nakuru, Tsavo, Nairobi and Aberdare) subsidise its entire national network, and that conservation fees make up the vast majority of its internally generated revenue. Kenya Wildlife Service: news post 'Simba Hawaitishi Salary: So Where Does Your Park Fee Go?', 2026-11-05.
  28. Legal Notice No. 160 of 2025 sets the non-resident adult access fee for Amboseli and Lake Nakuru National Parks at USD 90 and for Nairobi National Park at USD 80, the same figures KWS publishes on its fee sheet and park pages today. Republic of Kenya (Parliament of Kenya library copy): Legal Notice No. 160 of 2025, Wildlife Conservation and Management (Access, Entry and Conservation) (Fees) Regulations, 2025, Kenya Gazette Supplement No. 161, 2025-09-22.
  29. Kenya Wildlife Service park gates (Nairobi, Amboseli, Lake Nakuru, Hell's Gate and the other park pages) open at 6:00 AM and close at 6:00 PM, unless the visitor is staying overnight. Kenya Wildlife Service: Nairobi National Park park page.
  30. TourRadar listing '7 Days Masai Mara, L. Nakuru, L. Naivasha & Amboseli Budget Safari' (operator Bencia Africa Adventure and Safaris), read 12 November 2026: public from price USD 1,315 per person (USD 1,302 shown to a signed-in Level 1 member), 7 days and 6 nights, group tour, 1-50 travelers, park fees included (listing inclusion 'All park entry fees'), about USD 188 per day. TourRadar: 7 Days Masai Mara, L. Nakuru, L. Naivasha & Amboseli Budget Safari, 2026-11-12.
  31. Viator listing '6 Days Masai Mara, Lake Nakuru & Amboseli-Ultimate Kenyan Safari' (operator not shown on the page), read 12 November 2026: listed price from USD 580 per person, 6 days and 5 nights, shared van, max 8 travelers, park fees excluded. Viator: 6 Days Masai Mara, Lake Nakuru & Amboseli-Ultimate Kenyan Safari, 2026-11-12.
  32. Viator listing '3-Day Amboseli Safari from Nairobi' (operator not shown on the page), read 12 November 2026: listed price from USD 799 per person, 3 days and 2 nights, mostly private; peak season may be group of max 6, park fees included. Viator: 3-Day Amboseli Safari from Nairobi, 2026-11-12.
  33. Viator listing 'Amboseli National Park Day Tour from Nairobi' (operator not shown on the page), read 12 November 2026: listed price from USD 110 per person, 1 day, private, park fees excluded. Viator: Amboseli National Park Day Tour from Nairobi, 2026-11-12.
  34. The Narok County Finance Act 2023 defines the Maasai Mara high season as 1 July to 31 December and the low season as 1 January to 30 June. Narok County Finance Act, 2023 (No. 3 of 2023), First Schedule: Maasai Mara National Reserve park fees and charges, 2023-10-13.
  35. The Narok County Finance Act 2023 defines the Maasai Mara park entry fee as the amount charged for entry into the Maasai Mara from 6:00 am to 6:00 pm, regardless of the time of entry. Narok County Finance Act, 2023 (No. 3 of 2023), First Schedule: Maasai Mara National Reserve park fees and charges, 2023-10-13.
  36. Park, camping, vehicle and balloon fees. Narok County 2025/26 Park Fees & Charges and Narok County Finance Act 2023 (reserve, Narok side); Mara Conservancy conservation fees (Mara Triangle); Kenya Wildlife Service Conservation Fees 2025 (Nairobi, Amboseli, Lake Nakuru); Enonkishu Conservancy fee page
  37. Climate 1991 to 2020. Rain: CHIRPS v2.0 daily rainfall, UCSB Climate Hazards Center, 1991 to 2020 (satellite and gauge grid); temperature: NASA POWER daily point data (MERRA-2 reanalysis), 1991 to 2020; monthly means and the 8-of-10-years range computed from the daily series
  38. Travel times and distances. Drive times as stated by Mara North Conservancy, Mara Siana Conservancy, the Mara Conservancy, Safarilink and AirKenya; road distances from KeNHA, Narok County, Kenya Wildlife Service and Mara Siana Conservancy; flight times from the 2026 timetables of Safarilink, AirKenya, Governors' Aviation and Mombasa Air Safari
  39. Unit conversions. Metric figures with US equivalents (1 km = 0.621371 mi, 1 m = 3.28084 ft, 1 kg = 2.20462 lb, 1 ft = 0.3048 m, 1 acre = 0.404686 ha, °F = °C × 9/5 + 32)
  40. Masai Mara park fees. Mara Conservancy and Narok County Government rate card, non-resident adult per day; ticket valid 6:00 to 18:00
  41. Migration records. Mara Conservancy monthly reports (Mara Triangle), seasons 2001 to 2026, audited 12 November 2026: one definition per event (first small groups, first large herds, first Mara River crossing, departure of the large herds), counted by season